Baa's and Bleat's - The AASRP Podcast

Join us for this discussion about the pharmacokinetics of subcutaneous administration of flunixin meglumine in goats with Dr. Joe Smith from the University of Tennessee. The primary paper discussed is titled: “Pharmacokinetic Parameters and Estimated Milk Withdrawal Intervals for Domestic Goats (Capra Aegagrus Hircus) After Administration of Single and Multiple Intravenous and Subcutaneous Doses of Flunixin Meglumine" Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7248982/ Please remember that flunixin meglumine is only labeled from IV or intramuscular injection and should not be given subcutaneously without the written instructions of a licensed veterinarian in the United States. Use of alternative drugs such as meloxicam is strongly encouraged when IV injections cannot be administered. Practitioners should request withdrawal guidance from the Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database (FARAD) before recommending extra-label administration of a medication. To submit a FARAD withdrawal request follow this link: https://cafarad.ucdavis.edu/FARMWeb/ To learn more about the AASRP Research Fund visit: https://aasrp.org/Main/Main/Research/AASRP-Research-Grant.aspx?hkey=546d2e15-f2cd-4ce8-a837-a16cfd4f3790 If your company or organization would like to sponsor an episode or if you have questions about today's show, email Office@AASRP.org

Join us for this discussion about pain control options in goats with Dr. Daniela Luethy from the University of Pennsylvania as we discuss kidding complications in goats that are seen at veterinary teaching hospitals. The primary paper discussed is titled: “A Multi-Center Study of Uterine Tears and Other Reproductive Complications in Periparturient Goats Presented to Veterinary Teaching Hospitals” Link: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10658512/ Collaborating teaching hospitals included the University of Florida, Michigan State University, Auburn University, Iowa State University, Louisiana State University, Texas A&M University, UC Davis, University of Pennsylvania, and the University of Tennessee. Topics discussed include descriptions of kidding complications seen in veterinary referral hospitals with emphasis on uterine tears. Dr. Luethy also references a paper titled “Sedated cesarean sections are associated with increased kid survival compared to general anesthesia in goats: retrospective cohort of 45 cases (2011–2021)” by Dr. George Lane and colleagues at the University of Florida. Link: https://avmajournals.avma.org/configurable/content/journals$002fjavma$002f261$002f3$002fjavma.22.10.0466.xml?t:ac=journals%24002fjavma%24002f261%24002f3%24002fjavma.22.10.0466.xml To learn more about the AASRP Research Fund visit: https://aasrp.org/Main/Main/Research/AASRP-Research-Grant.aspx?hkey=546d2e15-f2cd-4ce8-a837-a16cfd4f3790 If your company or organization would like to sponsor an episode or if you have questions about today's show, email Office@AASRP.org

Join us for this discussion about colostrum evaluations and benchmarking Dr. Robert VanSaun from Pennsylvania State University. This episode covers IgG concentration, evaluating passive transfer, heat treatment of colostrum, and remaining knowledge gaps in the world of small ruminant colostrum. Today's episode references several papers including: https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/AABP/article/view/8638https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/AABP/article/view/3888Consensus recommendations on calf- and herd-level passive immunity in dairy calves in the United States: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030220303830 Heat treatment of colostrum increases immunoglobulin G absorption efficiency in high-, medium-, and low-quality colostrum: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030214000939 Heat-treated (in single aliquot or batch) colostrum outperforms non-heat-treated colostrum in terms of quality and transfer of immunoglobulin G in neonatal Jersey calves: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030215000181 https://academic.oup.com/jas/article-abstract/99/5/skab083/6170618 To learn more about the AASRP Research Fund visit: https://aasrp.org/Main/Main/Research/AASRP-Research-Grant.aspx?hkey=546d2e15-f2cd-4ce8-a837-a16cfd4f3790 If your company or organization would like to sponsor an episode or if you have questions about today's show, email Office@AASRP.org

Join us for this discussion about urinary calculi (aka bladder stones) with the one and only Dr. Meredyth Jones-Cook of Oklahoma State University. This episode covers stone types, predisposing factors, management strategies, and current knowledge gaps in the field of small ruminant urolithiasis. The title of today's paper is Mineral Composition of Uroliths Obtained from Sheep and Goats with Obstructive Urolithiasis, published in the Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Volume 31, Issue 4, Jul 2017, pages 961-1362 Access the full text here: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/jvim.14743 Dr. Jones also references a separate article from Vet Clinics of North America - Food Animal Practice titled Urinary Calculi of Small Ruminants. Published in July 2023, volume 39, issue 2, pages 355-370. Access the full text here: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37032300/ To learn more about the AASRP Research Fund visit: https://aasrp.org/Main/Main/Research/AASRP-Research-Grant.aspx?hkey=546d2e15-f2cd-4ce8-a837-a16cfd4f3790 If your company or organization would like to sponsor an episode or if you have questions about today's show, email Office@AASRP.org

We're back with another season of Baas and Bleats, the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioner's podcast! This year, Dr. Sarah Lowrey will be breaking down current research projects that pertain to the care and wellbeing of small ruminants, camelids, and cervids. She will be speaking with the experts to help practitioners, producers, and anybody interested in owning or working with these species to understand the advances that are being made in understanding these fascinating animals. Questions or comments can be emailed to: Office@AASRP.org

In this episode, we hear from Dr. Kelly Still-Brooks and Allysen Lower, the president of Colorado State University's AASRP student chapter. Students and faculty alike will be impressed by the initiative that Allysen has taken to bring her colleagues valuable hands-on experiences to prepare them for clinical practice. Tune in to hear what Dr. Still-Brooks and Allysen have to say about the importance of mastering the basics, including small ruminant and camelid husbandry and behavior. Most importantly in this episode, students will be reminded of their most valuable resource—each other. Thanks for listening! And, as always, if you have any questions about this episode, the Emerging Leader Program, or other opportunities to get involved in AASRP, feel free to contact us. We want to hear from you! AASRP website: aasrp.org Ann DiPastina, DVM ann.dipastina@gmail.com Lesley Moser, DVM trmvetc@gmail.com

In this episode, we welcome back to the podcast Dr. Mike Pesato. This time, Dr. Pesato shares his experience as the AASRP faculty liaison for the students at Mississippi State University. You'll also gain his and Lesley's insights into the Emerging Leader program--an excellent opportunity for young small ruminant and camelid practitioners to become involved in the organization. We hope this episode motivates other students who are passionate about small ruminants to take an active role in their education, just as the students at Mississippi State have done. From labs focusing on animal handling to practicing transabdominal ultrasound for pregnancy diagnosis, the AASRP student representatives at Mississippi State are making tremendous efforts to add hands-on experiences to their curriculum. Thanks for listening! And, as always, if you have any questions about this episode, the Emerging Leader Program, or other opportunities to get involved in AASRP, feel free to contact us: AASRP website: aasrp.org Ann DiPastina, DVM ann.dipastina@gmail.com Lesley Moser, DVM trmvetc@gmail.com

We hope you enjoy this conversation between Lesley Moser and previous AASRP Emerging Leader, Mike Pesato. Dr. Pesato is the current chair of the College Liaison Committee for AASRP and an assistant clinical professor in the Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine at Mississippi State University's College of Veterinary Medicine. As you will appreciate, he is a passionate small ruminant practitioner and educator of veterinary students. In this episode, Dr. Pesato tells us more about the AASRP Student Symposium, an exciting opportunity for students to gain insight into small ruminant and camelid practice from clinicians in the private and public sectors. If you have any questions about this episode, the 2023 AASRP Student Symposium, or opportunities to get involved in AASRP, feel free to contact us: AASRP website: aasrp.org Ann DiPastina, DVM ann.dipastina@gmail.com Lesley Moser, DVM trmvetc@gmail.com

Welcome to Season 2 of Baas and Bleats! In this season, Dr. Lesley Moser and Dr. Ann DiPastina, the 2022 AASRP Emerging Leaders, interview faculty liaisons and student representatives from veterinary colleges across North America to find out what they’re doing to prepare the next generation of veterinarians for small ruminant and camelid practice. What is the AASRP Emerging Leader Program? The Emerging Leaders Program gives young veterinarians with a passion for small ruminants an opportunity to become involved in leadership experiences within the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners. As an Emerging Leader, you’ll get to practice your leadership skills, network with members of various AASRP committees, and gain a better understanding of the role of organized medicine in the veterinary profession. You’ll also attend the Veterinary Leadership Conference, which is an excellent chance to develop relationships with leaders across many disciplines of veterinary medicine including academia and government. Probably the most exciting part of the Emerging Leaders Program, though, is designing and executing a project which integrates your interests in small ruminant medicine with the needs of the membership of AASRP. This year, Lesley and Ann have teamed up with other members of AASRP, including Dr. Michelle Buckley, to bring you the organization’s first podcast, “Baas and Bleats”. In Season 1, you heard from Michelle about managing milk quality in dairy goats. Now, in Season 2, we’ll be shifting gears to focus on our student membership. We hope these episodes empower veterinary students by highlighting examples of stellar faculty mentorship and excellent student initiative. If you have any questions about this episode, the Emerging Leader program, or other opportunities to get involved in AASRP, feel free to contact us: AASRP website: aasrp.org Ann DiPastina, DVM ann.dipastina@gmail.com Lesley Moser, DVM trmvetc@gmail.com

In this episode, we'll learn how Dr. Mary Smith lets Cornell's veterinary students take the lead in their small ruminant and camelid education. If you have questions or comments about this episode or are interested in sharing what your program is doing to train young veterinarians in small ruminant and camelid practice, we want to hear from you! You can contact us by email at: Ann DiPastina, DVM ann.dipastina@gmail.com Lesley Moser, DVM trmvetc@gmail.com

For the final episode of Season 1 Dr. Michelle Buckley sits down with Ryan Andrus of Bridgeman Hill Dairy in Vermont to discuss what makes a successful symbiotic relationship between dairy goat producers and veterinarians. Topics discussed include setting attainable goals, expectations of producers and veterinarians, how to talk about expenses, building and managing a successful animal health team, finding the right veterinarian for your farm, and much more. Helpful Links: SMART Goals: https://www.ucop.edu/local-human-resources/_files/performance-appraisal/How%20to%20write%20SMART%20Goals%20v2.pdf AASRP Find A Vet: http://www.aasrp.org/about/find_a_vet.asp Storey's Guide to Raising Dairy Goats: https://a.co/d/7dLVDlm The Dairy Goat Production Handbook: http://www.luresext.edu/sites/default/files/DGPHorderform_1stEdition_case_spiral.pdf Iowa State University Dairy Goat Extension: https://www.extension.iastate.edu/dairyteam/dairy-goats-and-sheep This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

This extra special bonus episode from our chat with Dr. Cathy Bauman (Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, Ontario, Canada) walks listeners through three real-life case investigations. Dr. Bauman describes how she and her team conducted the various outbreak investigations and puts into practice the information she shared with us in the previous two episodes. Helpful Links: Luminometer FAQ https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/food-safety/at-the-food-processor/luminometers.html Small Ruminant Veterinarians of Ontario https://srvo.ca/ Dr. Cathy Bauman - Ontario Veterinary College https://ovc.uoguelph.ca/population-medicine/faculty/Cathy-Bauman American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners - find a vet http://www.aasrp.org/about/find_a_vet.asp This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

This week we continue our conversation with Dr. Cathy Bauman of Ontario Veterinary College in Guelph, Ontario, Canada about conducting a milk quality investigation on a goat dairy by walking through the process for tracking down a high bulk tank bacterial count. Helpful Links: Luminometer FAQ https://www.gov.mb.ca/agriculture/food-safety/at-the-food-processor/luminometers.html Small Ruminant Veterinarians of Ontario https://srvo.ca/ Dr. Cathy Bauman - Ontario Veterinary College https://ovc.uoguelph.ca/population-medicine/faculty/Cathy-Bauman American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners - find a vet http://www.aasrp.org/about/find_a_vet.asp This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

This week we sit down with one of our neighbors to the north, Dr. Cathy Bauman of Ontario Veterinary College in Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Dr. Bauman's research focuses on helping producers identify, investigate, and mitigate milk quality issues as efficiently as possible. On this episode, we lay the groundwork for conducting a milk quality investigation on a goat dairy by introducing concepts for identifying a milk quality problem; measurable paramaters for evaluating milk quality (specifically somatic cell count and bacterial counts); general principles governing fluctuations in these numbers as they relate to milk production on a goat dairy; key players to have on your team during an investigation; and finally, Dr. Bauman discusses the relationship between high quality milk and cheese production. This is part 1 of a 2 part series that delves into a logical step-wise approach to working up milk quality issues on a dairy goat operation. Helpful Links: Small Ruminant Veterinarians of Ontario https://srvo.ca/ Dr. Cathy Bauman - Ontario Veterinary College https://ovc.uoguelph.ca/population-medicine/faculty/Cathy-Bauman American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners - find a vet http://www.aasrp.org/about/find_a_vet.asp This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

On this episode we sit down with Dr. Robert VanSaun from Pennsylvania State University and Dr. Andrea Mongini of M&M Veterinary Practice and Ewetopia Dairy in Denair, CA to discuss feeding goat kids from 2 days of age until weaning. This is the second half of our 2 part series on youngstock nutrition. Listeners are encouraged to email DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu with feedback and questions to be addressed to our content experts. Topics of conversation include options for feeding growing kids on bottles; pros and cons of feeding goat's milk, cow's milk or milk replacer; cleaning feeding equipment; nutritional requirements of young goats; managing coccidia, and more. Helpful Links: Basic Small Ruminant Nutrition: https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/bovine/index.php/AABP/article/view/3553 This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

On this episode we sit down with Dr. Robert VanSaun from Pennsylvania State University and Dr. Andrea Mongini of M&M Veterinary Practice and Ewetopia Dairy in Denair, CA to discuss colostrum management. This is part 1 of a 2 part series on youngstock feeding. Listeners are encouraged to email DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu with feedback and questions to be addressed to our content experts. Topics of conversation include options for feeding newborn kids, evaluating colostrum replacers and natural colostrum, heat treatment of goat colostrum, storage recommendations, comparison of bovine quality parameters with caprine. Helpful Links: Using a Brix refractometer for colostrum evaluation: https://extension.psu.edu/colostrum-management-tools-hydrometers-and-refractometers Assessment of Goat Colostrum Quality and Passive Transfer: https://extension.psu.edu/colostrum-management-tools-hydrometers-and-refractometers Heat Treatment of Goat Colostrum: https://www.extension.iastate.edu/dairyteam/files/page/files/DairyGoatColostrumManagementFactsheet.pdf Colostrum Management for Commercial Goat Production: https://ontariogoat.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Colostrum-Management-Book-LR.pdf Tube Feeding Goat Kids: https://extension.wsu.edu/wam/tube-feeding-neonatal-small-ruminants-an-essential-skill-for-sheep-and-goat-farmers/ Basic Small Ruminant Nutrition: https://bovine-ojs-tamu.tdl.org/bovine/index.php/AABP/article/view/3553 This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

Today we are talking with Dr. Virginia Fajt from Texas A&M University and Dr. Paul Plummer from Iowa State University about the development and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance and how it relates to food-producing animals. Topics discussed include: The significance of antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals; the difference between antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance; how resistance develops and how to prevent it; antimicrobial resistance monitoring, and much more! Helpful Links: AVMA Antimicrobial Use and Antimicrobial Resistance: https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/one-health/antimicrobial-use-and-antimicrobial-resistance AVMA Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens Affecting Animal Health: https://www.avma.org/resources-tools/one-health/antimicrobial-use-and-antimicrobial-resistance/antimicrobial-resistant-pathogens-affecting-animal-health AASRP Guidance for Antimicrobial Stewardship http://www.aasrp.org/resources/AASRPantimicrobial3F.pdf Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank for estimated withdrawal intervals for extralabel drug use: http://www.farad.org/ Antimicrobial resistance genes found in bacteria used as probiotics: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168160519303198 AVMA Committee on Antimicrobials: https://www.avma.org/membership/volunteering-avma/councils-committees-task-forces-and-trusts/committee-antimicrobials National Institute of Antimicrobial Resistance Research and Education (NIAMRRE): https://www.niamrre.org/ **We want your feedback! Email DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu and let us know how you are involved with dairy goats, what you think of the program, and send us questions that you'd like to have answered on a later episode! This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

*We want to hear from you! Send an email to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu and let us know where you are listening from, how you are involved with the dairy community, and if you have any questions that you'd like our experts to answer in a future episode!* Today we are talking with Dr. Virginia Fajt -- a boarded veterinary clinical pharmacologist from Texas A&M University -- about the in's and out's of how to use pharmaceuticals appropriately in dairy goats. Topics discussed include: Appropriate drug selection for a small ruminant; withdrawal times, how they are determined and where to find them; what is FARAD and what do they do; accidental inappropriate drug or chemical exposure protocols; how meat and milk processing facilities prevent accidental drug residues from reaching consumers; safeguards for preventing treated animals/milk from leaving the farm. Helpful Links: AASRP Guidance for Antimicrobial Stewardship http://www.aasrp.org/resources/AASRPantimicrobial3F.pdf Databases for searching for approved drugs: https://animaldrugsatfda.fda.gov/adafda/views/#/search https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/ Federal regulations about extralabel drug use: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-E/part-530?toc=1 FDA resource for veterinarians about extralabel drug use: https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/resources-you/ins-and-outs-extra-label-drug-use-animals-resource-veterinarians Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank for estimated withdrawal intervals for extralabel drug use: http://www.farad.org/ Details about how withdrawal times are established for approved drugs: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cvm-gfi-3-general-principles-evaluating-human-food-safety-new-animal-drugs-used-food-producing Compliance policy guide about using feed additives extra-label in minor species: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/cpg-sec-615115-extralabel-use-medicated-feeds-minor-species This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

On this episode we sit down with Dr. Joan Dean Rowe from the University of California - Davis and Dr. Roselle (Rosie) Busch from the University of California's Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources to discuss strategies for maintaining and improving udder health during the dry period. Topics of conversation include a basic overview of the physiology of a goat's lactation and dry period; discussion of dry-off protocols and considerations for which strategy to apply to a given herd; the National Mastitis Council's Five-Point Mastitis Control Plan, its effects on the bovine dairy industry, and how it can be applied to dairy goat production; considerations for intramammary dry-off antimicrobial use in dairy goats; overview of the Iowa State University/UC Davis dry tube research project. Helpful Links: National Mastitis Council's Five-Point Plan: https://www.nmconline.org/2018/02/06/nmc-speakers-address-the-five-point-mastitis-control-plan/#:~:text=NMC's%20five%20points%20include%3A%20post,maintenance%20and%20culling%20problems%20cows. Order form for the Dairy Goat Production Handbook (Langston University): http://www.luresext.edu/sites/default/files/DGPHorderform_1stEdition_case_spiral.pdf This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu

On this episode we sit down with Dr. Fauna Smith from the University of California - Davis to discuss milk quality on goat dairies of all sizes. Topics of conversation include federal and state milk safety regulations, metrics for evaluating milk quality, components of producing quality milk, milking equipment maintenance, troubleshooting basic milk quality issues, and considerations for differences between goat and cow dairy production metrics. Helpful Links: State Milk Laws: https://www.ncsl.org/research/agriculture-and-rural-development/raw-milk-2012.aspx National Mastitis Council - Guidelines for evaluating teat skin condition: https://www.nmconline.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/Guidelines-for-Evaluating.pdf Penn State University - Equipment Maintenance for Milkers: https://extension.psu.edu/equipment-maintenance-for-milkers University of Minnesota - Maintenance and Monitoring of Milking Equipment on the Dairy Farm: https://www.vetmed.umn.edu/sites/vetmed.umn.edu/files/oct_26_230_thomson_china_monitoring_milk_equipment_2016.pdf American Dairy Goat Association Dairy Herd Improvement Registry (ADGA DHIR): https://adga.org/performance-programs/production-testing/ Food Animal Residue Avoidance Database (FARAD) - http://www.farad.org/ Charm SLBL test kit (validated for detecting 5 beta lactam antibiotics in goat milk): https://www.charm.com/products/test-and-kits/antibiotic-tests/rosa-lateral-flow/slbl-charm-sl-beta-lactam-test/ FDA Grade "A" Milk Safety Program: https://www.fda.gov/federal-state-local-tribal-and-territorial-officials/state-cooperative-programs/fda-grade-milk-safety-program#:~:text=The%20FDA's%20Milk%20Safety%20Cooperative,milk%20products%20for%20human%20consumption. College of Veterinary Medicine Milk Quality Laboratories (non-exhaustive list): California - https://www.vmtrc.ucdavis.edu/laboratories/milk-quality-laboratory Georgia - https://vet.uga.edu/diagnostic-service-labs/milk-quality-laboratory/ Iowa - https://vetmed.iastate.edu/vdl/laboratory/bacteriology/bacti-milk-quality Minnesota - https://vdl.umn.edu/laboratories/laboratory-udder-health-luh/laboratory-udder-health-overview New York - https://www.vet.cornell.edu/animal-health-diagnostic-center/programs/quality-milk-production/about This podcast is sponsored by the American Association of Small Ruminant Practitioners as well as USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Agricultural and Food Research Initiative Competitive Program, Antimicrobial Resistance grant # 2020-04197. Questions or comments about today's episode can be directed to DairyGoatExtension@iastate.edu